Knowledge Ideology and Politics of Schooling †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Knowledge Ideology and Politics of Schooling. Answer: Introduction Coca-Cola Company was created by Dr. John S. Pemberton in 1886 in Atlanta, Georgia. It is the most popular and largest-selling soft drink in history and the most acknowledgeable brands globally. Coca-Cola was initially offered as the fountain beverage at Jacobs Pharmacy. The Company serves a global market as a beverage organization. New Coke is the product that failed after its launch in 1985. Original Coke brand was already popular and worth fair competition with Pepsi. The decision to terminate Original formula was irrational. Coca-Cola underestimated the power of its original brand leading to a widespread boycott in the US. The first concept emerging from the background and relevant to post 1 is market research. This concept applies to topic 2 and hence appropriate for post 1. In the text, poor customer knowledge is highlighted. It is outlined as one of the barriers to the generation of the idea. Because there was insufficient or inadequate market research, this is a concept that I have included in this first post. Market research is the activity or action of collecting info regarding the preferences and needs of the consumers. According to Crawford and Di-Benedetto (2015), the first phase of new product process entails the identification and selection of the relevant opportunities. According to Sharp (2017), market research encompasses collecting and analysing the info relating to a prevailing or a potential. This will include the buyer behaviour; customer needs as well as how the customers perceive offering of the organization and its rivals. Kotler and Keller (2016, p. 121) held that useful market research allows the organization to acquire timely, accurate as well as actionable info regarding competition, consumers, and their brands. A successful product launch is thus a product of a marketing insight discovery and implication understanding as it offshoots a brand growth. Suitable market research by Coke-Cola would have guaranteed a complete knowledge of its old consumer's buying behaviour besides their needs about the public perception of the original brand. There was hence a marketing research failure as Coca-Cola failed to carry out adequate research into the perception of the public of the original brand, despite carrying out the surveys, taste tests, focus group and segmentation. This is because taste testing results were only subject to systematic bias with the majority of such tests being done blind. Hence taste was the single factor under assessment and therefore never paid attention to the packaging of the drink. Moreover, the research on approached the consumers in Atlanta thereby skipping the other states regarding segmentation. Surveys entailed simple closed-ended questions and were never likely to unearth the deep feeling by consumers about Coke. Indeed, wrongly framed question generated wrong outcomes that are hence proving fatal to the New Coke. Regarding Focus Groups, Cokes solely deviation from the standard sequence in the market research was that the companys qualitative survey of individuals seemed to have been carried out prior instead of after the focus groups. Coke also errored by generalizing the focus groups yet it was well-known to them that for the US, the focus groups outcomes always vary from region to region. This led to conflicting outcome between those of surveys and focus groups. The market researcher also failed because it never took into account, the buying patterns of consumers. The firm gave all responses same weight when assessing consumer opinions despite the 80/20 rule. Proper application of this rule would have ensured the company understood the investment that generate greatest outcome. They would have then estimated the cost linked to less productive techniques. This would have improved the organizations marketing efficiency and returns. Forum Post 2 Topic 5 7 The identified concept relevant to post two is the market research and it associated relationship to concept testing relevant to topic 5. Concept testing is the act of ascertaining or testing the consumers feedback to an idea before the actual product/brand is launched or introduced in the market. This process is designed to allow businesses to focus on the development and improvement of commodities and set priorities to obtain a larger market share (Vaquero, Martn, Reinhardt Gurtner, 2016). It leads to easier and greater acceptance by new brand launch consumers. It helps the organization effectively channelize the time, labor and effort despite limited market research, including growth and marketing resources in the new brand development. This helps in broad analysis and evaluation of the promotional, advertising, packaging and the strategic concepts. Adequate market research during concept testing stage offer sufficient comprehension of consumers needs/wants, and buyer behaviour g uaranteeing suitable brand name choice. This would have helped consumers to fathom the real nature of the new brand. Moreover, it would have helped them understand the characteristics of the products as well as similar prices thereby effectively competing as feasible against the Pepsis established- and extremely trusted-sustained competitive brand. The company failed flat foot in its concept testing. This is because it only considered taste as the single significant cause of Cokes plunge in market share in the early 1980s and 1970s. Thus, without understanding the relationship between market research and concept testing, the company went ahead and developed New Coke which was much sweeter than original-formula Coke. Moreover, the Company only focused on nearly 200,000 blind product taste test in the US where over 53% preferred the New Coke over Pepsi and original formula. However, it was a big mistake for Coca-Cola to introduce New Coke and withdraw the original formula from the market yet they had not done effective concept testing to understand its connection to market research. The flaws in the market research taste tests carried out accounted for the lack of a clear association between concept testing and market research. Coca-Cola irrationally assumed that taste was the driving force being the consumer buying behaviour without appreciating the originality. The consumers were thus never informed that solely one product would be marketed. Therefore, the consumers were never asked whether they would forego the original formula for New Coke. This was a direct failure of the concept testing. Moreover, the failure was occasioned by the fact that no one acknowledged the symbolic value, as well as emotional engagement consumers, had with the original Coke. This, however, could have been recognizing if useful concept testing would have been carried out during the market research. Therefore, the bottom line here is that suitable variables which would impact the problem solution were excluded in both market research and concept testing. This market research is centr al. Correct market research by Coca-Cola would have helped the organization gain decision power in concept testing to realize that it was unnecessary to forego the original formula. Forum Post 2 Topic 8 10 Product line replacement is the identified concept for this post. It entails substituting the existing product/brand with a new one. This concept is suitable for understanding the failure of the New Coke. This is because Coca-Cola was trying to replace the original formula with New Coke which led to its failure. The question to be addressed is that, How should Coke have managed the replacement of the Original Coke with the New Coke. Various strategic options were available to Coca-Cola. These options included butt-on productive replacement; low-season switch; high-season switch; roll-in, roll-out; downgrading; and splitting channels. Butt-on product replacement is whereby an existing product is dropped immediately the organization announces the replacement. From this definition, it is clear that Coca-Cola settled for the first concept: butt-on product replacement. This is because when the New Coke was launched, the company just withdrew the Original formula in the market. However, Coca-Cola never fully understood the complexity associated with the decision on when to launch a new brand. There was a need for the company to understand the three critical forces: competitive environment, customer expectations, and the profit margins. Only firms that consider all the three elements in planning the launch thrive like Intel. For example, there was a heated up competitive environment in the soft drink industry occasioned by Pepsi. The mistake done by Coca-Cola is that it never carefully considered the expectations of the Original formula users which would help it concentrate on the improvement of the Original brand rather than replacing it and withdrawing it entirely from the market (Vaquero, Reinhardt and Gurtner, 2016). From the above case, it was essential for Coca-Cola to undertake effective considerations of the three elements in launching the New Coke. This is because it rushed into making a decision that was not backed by careful considerations. After it was convinced that Pepsi was increasingly gaining the market share, it never bothered to undertake valuable considerations to understand the best replacement method that could have worked while still retaining the Original Formula. Coca-Cola would have used downgrading or splitting channels. In the downgrading, the Coca-Cola would have continued with Original Formula product alongside the New Coke, but with declined support. These would not have led to the boycott of the product hence the failure and huge losses incurred. Splitting channels would have also worked effectively by putting a new item in different channels and even divert the current product into other channels. This would have given the company enough time to understand the market and the needs of the old customers. It would have thus ensured that the organization appreciates the effects of originality on the consumer buying behaviour. This would be effective since it would have saved both money and time wasted in the processes leading to the launch of the failed New Coke. There was a need for Coca-Cola to understand impacts or the implications of what the Company was engaging in before rushing to launch the New Coke and disbanding Original formula. Reference list Crawford, C. M., and Di Benedetto, C., 2015. New products management. 11th edn, McGraw Hill, New York. Crawford, C.M., 2008. New products management. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Keller, K.L. and Kotler, P., 2016. Marketing management. Pearson. Sharp, R., 2017.Knowledge, ideology and the politics of schooling: Towards a Marxist analysis of education(Vol. 50). Routledge. Vaquero Martn, M., Reinhardt, R. and Gurtner, S., 2016. Stakeholder integration in new product development: a systematic analysis of drivers and firm capabilities. RD Management, 46(S3), pp.1095-1112.

My Last Duchess Analysis Essay Example For Students

My Last Duchess Analysis Essay My Last DuchessIn â€Å"My Last Duchess† by Robert Browning, we are introduced to the dramatic monologue. In a dramatic monologue, the speaker unknowingly reveals his personality through his speech. In this poem, the audience listens to a conversation between the Duke and a nameless envoy who are making the final arrangements for the Duke’s second wedding. Strangely, the Duke brings out a portrait of his former wife whom he rambles incessantly about. Through the Duke’s ramblings, we learn that he is a self-centered, arrogant, and completely chauvinistic man, asserting emotions of both power and weakness. The Duke is a materialistic, proud man. He has a high rank in nobility and a well-respected name. Thus, he tries to portray himself as powerful and sophisticated. But his underlying motives shine through and we see the Duke as jealous and possessive. The Duke was formerly married and this marriage ended tragically. His last Duchess had a wandering eye and a smile for everyone. This infuriated the Duke – â€Å"She smiled, no doubt, whene’er I passed her; but who passed without much the same smile?† (line 44). The Duke must have been a Leo because he always had to be in the spotlight, his pride injured when the attention was not there. He felt he should be the only one in his Duchess’s life to cause her joy or any sort of emotion, really. â€Å"All and each would draw from her alike the approving speech, or blush at least. She thanked men – good! But thanked someone I know not how – as if she ranked my gift of a nine hundred year old name with anybody’s gift,†(lines29-34). The Duke feels that he has made this woman. Who was she before he bestowed the almighty name on her? How dare she not show her full thanks! The Duke was like many men we see today – envious and completely ridiculous. Unfortunately for the Duchess, her innocent flirtations must have boiled the Duke over the edge. He could not talk to her about his feelings, â€Å"Even had you skill in speech – which I have not,† (line 35). And even if he was able, he probably would not because this would injure his ego even more. Sure maybe she would listen, but now she knows she has the upperhand over the Duke. It is all a control issue with these two. â€Å"And if she let herself be lessoned so, nor plainly set her wits to yours, forsooth, and made excuse – E’en then would be some stooping; and I choose to never stoop,†(lines 39-42). So he decides on a different plan. â€Å"I gave commands; then all smiles stopped together,†(line 45). From this statement, we can infer that the Duke became enraged to the point he hired someone to kill his wife. It is one of those nice deals with power marriages – you do not listen to my command, you get blown away. Then we wonder w hy the divorce rate in America is 50%. All this has not changed the Duke, however. In this upcoming marriage, the Duke will act in the same way. That is the whole purpose in showing the envoy the portrait. It is a forewarning to what will happen to the next wife if she does not listen to her master – she will end up living through a portrait on the wall. The Duke does not even care about the money he is making from this marriage, he only wants another young, beautiful woman to control. â€Å"The Count your master’s known munificence is ample warrant that no just pretense of mine for dowry will be disallowed; though his fair daughter’s self, as I avowed at my starting, is my object,†(49-52). Women are not people to the Duke, but rather creatures to tame, which he implies when he shows the envoy one of his other possessions. â€Å"Notice Neptune though, taming a sea horse, thought a rarity, which Claus of Innsbruck cast in bronze for me,†(54-56). .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5 , .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5 .postImageUrl , .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5 , .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5:hover , .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5:visited , .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5:active { border:0!important; } .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5:active , .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5 .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u68caba78dbb2d84ef1bcf7ae19c0ffb5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Nationalism and patriotism EssayThe Duke was a women-thirsty, power-hungry man. He knew what he wanted and if he did not get it, he took drastic measures to insure his success in further endeavours. In this second marriage, he will either be jilted or have complete success for the envoy will go back with the story of the portrait and the Count will either hide his daughter or give her away without any qualms. If he does get left at the altar though, it would not even bother the Duke. He would just have more time to play his game of hunter and the little prey. English Essays

The Three Musketeers Essays - Swashbuckler Films,

The Three Musketeers Alexander Dumas ?Forgive me, Lady de Wardes,? he said, ?for rousing your hatred by my blackguardly conduct. I in return forgive you for murdering Constance Bonacieux and for your savage attacks on me. I forgive you and pity you. Die in peace.? Characters d'Artagnan- a young, attractive Gascon of eighteen. d'Artagnan is haughty, proud, and extremely intelligent. He is one of the main characters is the book, and we follow him through his many turmoils and triumphs; as he eventually defeats the evil of the real world. Porthos- a proud, experienced Musketeer. Porthos is a true friend with a quick temper, and a smart mouth. Nonetheless, Porthos is intelligent, cautious, and has a wild passion for everything he does. Aramis- a proper, friendly gentleman of twenty-three. Aramis is proud, yet demure, with a very clean-cut appearance. Aramis is a man of scripture and deep thought, often the one with the brilliant ideas. Athos- a cool, courageous Musketeer, strikingly handsome, and proud of his status. Athos lets nothing stand in his way, yet is polite and friendly, attracting friends easily. Planchet- d'Artagnan's servant, a tremendously devoted man, trusted and intelligent. Monsieur de Treville- a truly good man, captain of the Musketeers, who has a pure heart and a love for his Musketeers. Monsieur Bonacieux- a small wily man, not very gifted in the intelligence department, easily swayed by others' personal opinions. d'Artagnan's landlord. Constance Bonacieux- Monsieur Bonacieux's wife, a young, beautiful woman, with a good soul. D'Artagnan's mistress, and maid of the wardrobe of the Queen. Lady de Winter- an evil spy for the Cardinal, Lady de Winter is an extremely beautiful mastermind with the ability to make anything go her way. Kitty- Lady de Winter's innocently pretty maid, who falls hopelessly in love with d'Artagnan, and helps him in his exploits against Lady de Winter. Lord de Winter- Lady de Winter's charming brother, who helps in the temporary capture of the evil Milady. The Three Musketeers is set in the mid to late 1620s, in Paris, France. Paris in this period is the bustling center of excitement, trials, and betrayal. The Three Musketeers is about four grand friends and their amazing travels and exciting exploits. Living in glamorous Paris, France, d'Artagnan, Athos, Porthos, and Aramis get deeply involved in the political aspects and scams of the day. With enemies wherever he turns, d'Artagnan is forced to go into hiding, sending his intelligent servant and his best friends to take care of business. Gradually, the complicated mess of French and English monarchy comes together, revealing a way to overcome the evil of the outstandingly beautiful Lady de Winter, one of the Cardinal's best spies. I. Three Gifts A. d'Artagnan arrives in Meung 1. The strange, dark man 2. Confrontation 3. Milady 4. Stolen! B. d'Artagnan enters Paris II. Monsieur de Treville's Ante-room A. Monsieur de Treville's house 1. The courtyard a. Porthos and Aramis III. The Audience A. Introductions B. Athos C. Letter to the Director D. The chase IV. Shoulder, Shoulder-Belt, and Handkerchief A. The sore shoulder 1. Challenge B. Another Accident 1. The shoulder-belt 2. Challenge C. The Handkerchief 1. Accusation 2. Challenge V. Musketeers and Guards A. Athos B. The Seconds 1. realizations C. The Cardinal's Guards D. Fight E. Friends F. Planchet VI. A Court Intrigue A. Finances B. Poor 1. Dinner Invitations C. The Small Man 1. Explanations 2. The Kidnapping VII. Relaying Information A. A Plan B. ?All For One and One For All!? VIII. Madame Bonacieux A. Ambush! 1. Monsieur Bonacieux's arrest B. Cross Examination C. Madame Bonacieux D. Rescue E. Constance F. Another Secret G. Love H. Escape I. Monsieur de Laport IX. The Plot Thickens A. A Curious Romantic Attachment B. Aramis's House 1. The cloaked woman C. Following D. Escort E. Athos's Arrest F. The Pair at the Lourve 1. The Duke of Buckingham X. The Man of Meung A. Monsieur Bonacieux's Attendance With the Cardinal 1. A new and Faithful Servant B. The Letter to London XI. Soldiers and Magistrates A. Athos's Cross-examination B. Athos's Attendance With the Cardinal C. Monsieur de Treville, the King, the Cardinal, and Athos 1. The Police report and the soldier's honor D. Release E. The Duke of Buckingham is Paris XII. The Keeper of the Seals A. Plotting B. Twelve Diamond Tags C. The Visitor and the Search of the Queen D. The Planning of the Ball 1. The request XIII. The Lover and the Husband E. Letter to Buckingham F. The Deadly Secret G. A Pledge 1. The Secret Discussion 2. The Truth Is Revealed 3. An Important Decision XIV. The Journey A. Four Friends Get Leave B. Breakfast in Chantilly 1. Porthos's duel C. Three Against Eight in Beauvais 1. The Ambush On The Road D. Two Friends in Amiens 1. Hullabaloo in the stables 2.

Catcher in the Rye Essays (637 words) - Literary Realism

Development of Themes In Wuthering Heights, Bronte starts descring her setting by saying,?usually a large mansion or remote castle which is dark and foreboding: usually isolated from neighbors? (Bonte). It is obvious that the the dark and isolated environment described at the beginning of the novel foreshadows the gloomy atmosphere found in the rest of the book. Many authors set the tone, setting, or theme by using the first chapter or first few chapters. In The Catcher in the Rye, the opening character that Salinger creates sets thethemes of the story. The beginning of the book sets the story by revealing three major themes; like the loss of innocence, being isolated from society, and the struggles of becoming an adult. The opening of the story introduces the loss in innocence theme. Holden does not want to grow up. The loss of innocence is practically forced upon him by his society. It is clear that Holden?s society is forcing a loss of innocence upon him when he sates: ?Most guys at Pencey just talked about having sexual intercourse with girls all the time? (Salinger 37). Here, Holden's innocence is proved by the contrasting experiences of the boys around him. Holden?s differences in actions show that he is not like them and he is still innocent. Holden?s society is forcing him to lose his innocence in order to be like them. If people around Holden are losing his innocence, it is inevitable that he eventually will as well. By introducing this at the beginning of the book, it foreshadows Holden?s struggles in the later chapters. From the very beginning of the novel the theme of isolation is also present. In the first scene of The Catcher in the Rye Holden is alone, isolated from society. It is clear that Holden is isolated when he states: ?I remember around abound three o?clock that afternoon I was standing way the hell up on the top of Thomsen Hill, right next to this crazy cannon that was in the Revolutionary War and all. [?] because practically the whole school except me was there [?]? (Salinger 2). This in said at the very beginning of the book, showing us that Holden is disconnected with others. Holden is isolated from society and additionally society criticizes him. This upsets him, but he continues to push these people away causing a continuous isolation. The author clearly introduces Holden?s loneliness right away, making sure the reader realizes it. The struggle of becoming an adult is also a theme that is introduced at the beginning of the story. The moment Holden realizes he is growing up; he immediately doesn?t want it to happen. It is obvious that Holden has trouble with accepting this process when the author states: Game, my ass. Some game. If you get on the side, where there aren?t any hot-shots, then what?s a game about it? Nothing. No game? (Salinger 8). This quotes shows that Holden thinks everything in life is a game. Holden believe it is all unfair. Even though he doesn?t want to play the game, he knows he has to, because it is part of life. He believes that he has been put on the bad side. He would like to grow up in a world that never changes. This introduces the challenges Holden has with growing u The author of The Catcher in the Rye uses the themes of the loss of innocence, being isolated from society, and the struggles of becoming an adult in order to introduce the book. Throughout the book these themes carry out and go more in depth. Many authors use the beginning of their works to introduce topics or themes that are reoccurring or symbolic. These themes ultimately connect to the overall meaning of the text.

Industrial Relations Between the UK and Fiji Essays

Industrial Relations Between the UK and Fiji Essays Industrial Relations Between the UK and Fiji Essay Industrial Relations Between the UK and Fiji Essay The industrial relations study in the UK, has been going through an era of significant reflection and self-analysis from which it appears to be emerging something of an agreement about the essentials for further development. In terms of employment relations, it’s the effort of a company or business to manage the relationships amongst an employer and employees. An employment relation, however, deals with issues relating to the employees and its benefits. The current society of most countries adapts employment relations programs and its policies to prevent the uprising problems at work. In terms of industrial relations, the main actors that play important roles are the employers and management of the organisation, third-party agencies such as state and lastly are employees and their representatives such the trade unions. The following will essay will be elaborating upon the main features of employment and industrial relations in UK and would further elaborate the roles of the th ree main parties. Besides, the essay will highlight selected features of industrial relations applied in Ministry of Labour/ Employment in Fiji. As both countries differ from each other the application of industrial relations in each country may also differ or may be comparable. The origins of industrial relations were traced back from United Kingdom. The process of industrialization first started from UK around the late 18th century (1780’s), hence, UK was the first country to be industrialised [CITATION DrA16 l. 1033 ]. The three parties to ER and IR in UK which are trade unions, employers and the state or government. During the mid of the 19th century around 1850’s Trade Unions were formed in UK, thus the first unions developed were the craft unions.The skilled craftsman’s had to endure a lot to become recognized. They were formed by the workers across a number of industries, as these workers from different industries could be a member of a general u

ISHAYA AJET HOSEA Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers

ISHAYA AJET HOSEA Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers ISHAYA AJET HOSEA 130151 Investing in Africa's Future Africa University, [A.U] Institute of peace, Leadership and governance, [I.P.L.G] Master's in Public Policy and Governance (MPPG) Mutare, Zimbabwe Policy Impact on the Environment ( PEP513 ) Lecturer: Mrs. Bere Question: Using a case study discuss renewable sources of energy explaining their limitations as alternatives sources of energy on the African continent: Case: Renewable Energy in Nigeria Sign.. Due Date: 30 March 2018 ABSTRACT All human activities be contingent on one form of energy or another. Energy cannot be created or destroy ed , but can only adjust from one form to a newer . It is a very important substance for economic development of any society or country. Energy is fundamental to human activities. Despite the importance of energy to socio-economic development, Nigeria has not been able to generate the minimum required amount of energy it needs f or her population of over 180 Million Renewable energy is derived from a source that can be regenerated within a reasonably short time through natural sources. These sources include Solar, Wind , Hydro, Biomass, Geothermal . Nigeria has set for herself the target of being within the 20 largest economies in the world by 2020, with the challenges of leadership problem , rising population, unemployment as well as low access to energy and the challenges of climate change. Development and sustenance of renewable energy have been identified to be the most suitable . Energy from these renewable sources can be transformed to supplement the final energy from conventional energy needed to grow the e conomy in a sustainable manner. Keywords: Solar, Wind, Hydro, Biomass, Geothermal INTRODUCTION Renewable energy is generally defined as energy that comes from resources which are naturally replenished on a human time scale such as Sunlight, Wind, Rain, Tides, Waves and Geothermal heat (Donald, 2016) . Renewable energy replaces conventional fuels in four distinct areas; electricity generation, hot water, motor fuels and rural energy services. According to (Armstrong, 2016) r apid deployment of renewable energy and energy efficiency is resulting in significant energy security, climate change mitigation and economic benefits. In international public opinion surveys, there is strong support for promoting renewable sources such as Solar power and Wind power. At national level, at least 30 nations around world already have renewable energy contributing more than 20 percent of energy supply (Amory, 2016) . National renewable energy markets are projected to continue to grow strongly in the coming decade and beyond. While many renewable energy projects are large-scale , renewable technologies are also suited to rural and remote areas and developing countries, where energy is often crucial in human development. United Nation's secretary general Ban Ki-moon has restated that renewable energy has the ability to lift the poorest nations to new levels of prosperity (Leone, 2011) . RENEWABLE ENERGY, GREEN POWER AND CONVENTIONAL POWER- SEE THE DIFFERENCE Renewable Energy Renewable energy includes resources that rely on fuel sources that restore themselves over short periods of time and do not diminish. Such fuel sources include sun, wind, moving water, organic plant and waste material (eligible biomass) and the earth's heat (geothermal). Although, the impacts are small, some renewable energy technologies have an impact on the environment al trade-offs associated with issues such as fisheries and land use. Green Power Green power is a subset of renewable energy and represents those renewable energy resources and technologies that provide the highest environmental benefits. Green power is defined as electricity produced from solar, wind, geothermal, biogas, eligible biomass and low-impact small hydroelectric sources. People often buy into green power for avoided environmental impacts/pollution and its greenhouse gas reduction benefits. Green power sources produce electricity with an environmental profile superior to conventional power technologies and produce no fossil-fuel based greenhouse gas emission. Environmental power assessment (EPA) requires that green power sources must also have been built within the last 15 years in order to support NEW' renewable energy development. Conventional Power Conventional power includes the combustion of fossil fuels (coal, natural gas and oil) and the nuclear fission of uranium. Fossil fuels have environmental costs from mining, drilling or extraction and emit greenhouse gases and air pollution during combustion (Agency International Energy, 2006) . Although, nuclear power generation emits

Using Simulations in Nursing Education Research Paper

Using Simulations in Nursing Education - Research Paper Example Nursing is not an exception as there are numerous aspects of the study in nursing which cannot be grasped by the students without practical knowledge. Simulation has been used in the nursing domain and health care sector for a long time but there is a need to elevate the frequency and quality of simulation based techniques in nursing in order to completely exploit the benefits (Jun et al., 1999). The three main learning theories which are known as cognitive, social, and constructivist explain the detailed processes through which the learners gain in depth knowledge about any topic while using simulations. This paper will discuss the evidence based depictions generally in health care and then an emphasized study with specific relation to field of Obstetrics, which will explain the effectiveness and importance of using the simulations in nursing education and its positive impact on the patient outcomes. Literature Review The importunate need of the simulation in nursing domain surfaced in late 20th century when the resources were depleting for the health care sector and time restrictions were augmenting. There were loop holes in the skills of the trained nurses which were experienced in the practical fields and the patient outcomes were going through drastic results. ... report, IOM called an emergency meeting of the health sector gurus which passed as resolution with consensus that the human error ratio is because of the weak educational system and the nurses are needed to be equipped with emergency case scenarios and in depth knowledge of different kind of diseases. Simulation provides the best space for the students to learn and practice the medical theories without a fear of harming the patient. Simulation also provides a massive opportunity for the students to test their skills and periodic repetitions of the practical methodological studies. The apprenticeship training processes can be easily performed and the instructors can effectively transmit the changing health patterns to the students by practically showing them the simulations. The sensitivity factors often acts as a major hindrance in the learning process for the nurses (Rutherford-Hemming, 2012). The operative vaginal delivery with forceps and vacuum devices are also being deployed at large in the medical domain of Obstetrics. The neonatal risks are accompanied with the use of vacuum cups, but they are far more efficient in the delivery procedures and are used by a great number of Obstetricians. In the same way some other sectors of Obstetrics such as needle usage amniocentesis and fetal blood sampling  requires a great deal of practice and such cases are not available for the nursing students for practice on hands. Some medics foresaw the importance of simulation in the field of Obstetrics and issues order to embed the low-fidelity models for amniocentesis in the learning and training procedures (Cass et al., 2011). The results were optimal, and patient outcomes were affected in a very positive way after the training and on hands experience of the students on these